An Ideal Hero: Greek vs. Roman

EvansHUM 2210 REVIEW SHEET EXAM 1 LISTS 1. Highlights that recognize a general public as â€Å"civilized†a. Farming (water system) and rearing of animals = surplus food (goats, peig, dairy cattle, sheep). Wheat, grain, rice, and maize. (Sci&Tech-clean stone apparatuses. Ex: stone sickles)b. Urban communities: huge loft settlements= standard engineering and surplus manpowerc. Composing (â€Å"gifts of the gods†)= records. Pictograph, ideogram, cuneiform.d. Establishments for incorporated and acquired force . †Priesthood for concentrated sacrosanct custom †Kingship for brought together political and social structure (Paraoh= rulers in Egypt) .2. Topographical regions of early civic establishments (Attached) 3. Times of early Greek folklore to Ovid ( Poet of Metamorphoses)a. Source of people: hallowed earth (shrewd and rulers) blood of titans (dangerous and lawbreakers), and stones(endurance)b. 4 ages as decay: Golden (harmony), Silver (seasons &farming), Bronze (war), Iron (mining, deforestation, crime).4. Prevailing and exchange social subjects in the Iliad Audience: privileged men Purpose: social propaganda.Greek Heros= models of fearlessness and expertise to men (what to be) and ladies (what to search for-feeling that all is well with the world). a. Predominant Theme: warrior code of individual respect and greatness b. Differentiating topics: Family guideline, basic nation life versus war, appreciation of adversaries. 5. Artistic works by Homer Blind artist Homer †speaks to the finish of a long and fiery custom wherein oral recitationâ€possibly to instrumental accompanimentâ€was a famous sort of amusement. Iliad, Odyssey.6. Significant segment types in Greek engineerin g (know the parts) a. Doric: Plan ventures quality, power. Helpful for ruler or state intimidate?Temple to amazing divine beings. b. Ionic: rich, advanced. Valuable for divine beings and individuals of knowledge. Libraries. c. Corinthian: increasingly modern. Activities riches and influence that accompanies it. Helpful to supreme Rome to scare and astonish. Makes the head or state look all ground-breaking, regardless of whether they aren’t! [pic]7. Significant pieces of compositional structures on the Acropolis of Athens (City on the slopes. Ex: Propyleia and Parthenon) a. Propylaia: Monumental passage as the entryway/edge into the consecrated slope. b. Athena Nike: holy place to Athena as goddess of triumph. Watchman of the slope. c. Parthenon (the Virgin) East Pediment (front): birth of Athena. Conceived from the head of Zeus= instinct. Female guideline of shrewdness, sacrosanct feathered creature is the one. †West Pediment (back): Competition between Athena and Poseid on for Athens. Precursors picked Athen’s present for the olive tree= they liked to war. Athenians all sheer this insight and want for harmony. †The metopes (encircled carvings on each side): the triumphs over the Amazons, centaurs, monsters, and Trojans/Persians = equity beats animal power, aggression.8. Significant rationalists of the Greek Classical and Hellenistic periods Greek Classical: a. Moral: Socrates Dialectic Method= basic methodology. Question and answer look for â€Å"Truth† †â€Å"Knowledge is virtue† and â€Å"to realize the great is to do the great. † †â€Å"The unexamined life isn't worth living† †â€Å"Produced cynics (just accept what is sure beyond a shadow of a doubt) and skeptics (don’t accept what isn't known without a doubt). b. Social: Plato †Student of Socrates; Founded Academy in Athens, 387 B. C. †Theory of Forms: where is â€Å"Truth†: uncanning, state Level 4: Knowledge= ass urances Level 3: Thinking= math geometry abstracts Lower Levels: Opinions Level 2: Beliefs (â€Å"Material world is genuine gone. ) Level 1: Imaginings (â€Å"Images [art] = reality) †Allegory of the Cave. Truth is difficult. c. Rationale: Aristotle †Student of Plato, established school in Athens, 335 B. C. †Organized regular sciences into science, zoology, plant science †Theory of Universals: Inductive Science: Universals found from specifics, along these lines contemplating the material world can (just) produce universals/absolutes. Plato’s dualism cheapened investigation of material world. †Deductive/Formal Logic for morals and science Hellenistic: a. Epicuranism †Founder: Epicurus (341-271 B. C. ) Atomist: all issue comprised of molecules so all structures are irregular; no controls †No the great beyond: death= end; no judgment †Absolute unrestrained choice: each makes own predetermination; supreme uniqueness †Goal of life: P leasure (hedone> gratification) *individual delight - > society would pound Pleasure: nonattendance of torment. Agony < unsatisfied wants. Negligible wants > Peace and joy; congruity = understanding among wants and satisfaction. Life of Moderation (Ex: charge card versus money spending plan). b. Aloofness *Resistance cause torment, figure out how to carry on with the Stoic life. †Founder: Zeno (334-262 B. C. ) Social Logos (=Heraclitus): All common and society constrained by reason. The predetermination of one is the FOR THE GOOD OF THE WHOLE. Bliss < tolerating one’s fate. †Suffering < opposing fated life †Stoic Goal: Evenness, dispassionate= no bliss in progress, no distress in disappointment. †Brotherhood of Man: Logos Lives in all things and everybody as fire DEFINITION (know the essential significance or reference of each term) - Polytheism/monotheism: the confidence in numerous divine beings/the faith in just a single god. †Pos t and lintel: the least complex structure or compositional development, comprising of vertical individuals (posts) and supporting horizontals (lintels). Standing System: an unbending social definition in India dependent on contrasts in riches, rank, or occupation. †Muse/muses: music †Ziggurat: a terraced tower of rubble and block that served antiquated Mesopotamians as a sanctuary place of worship. †Pharaoh: title of Egyptian ruler. †Dialectic: question-and-answer style (Socrates) †Animism: the conviction that the powers of nature are repressed by spirits. †Homeopathic: power implanted dependent on similarity or impersonation. *exaggerates at some point. †Hellenistic: trailed by the Classical time; the mixing of Greek, African, and Asian societies. †Pantheism: the conviction that a heavenly soul plagues everything in universe. Disease: power moved by contact. †Stoic Logos: Seminal Reason, through which all things became, by which all thin gs were requested, and to which all things returned. †Myth: story structure (verse) versus theory or logical clarification; ordinarily including divine beings and predecessors with extraordinary force. Reason: to arrange universe and society. †Ethnocentric: the faith in the natural predominance of one's own ethnic gathering or culture. †Epicureanism: Happiness relying upon staying away from all types of physical abundance; esteemed plain living and the ideal association of body and mind.Gods had no influence in human life, and passing was simply the revamp of particles which the body and all of nature comprise. †Covenant: contract; the body between the Hebrew individuals and their god. †Yin/Yang: the standard, which antiquated Chinese sovereigns called â€Å"the establishment of the whole universe,† deciphers all nature as the dynamic result of two connecting infinite powers, or methods of vitality, generally designed as twin interpenetrating shapes e ncased inside a circle. Yang-male standard: daintiness, hardness, brilliance, warmth, and the sun. Ying-female standard: obscurity, non-abrasiveness, dampness, coolness, the earth. Metope: the square board between the bar closes under the top of a structure. †Plato’s Theory of Forms:where is â€Å"Truth†? Above: ideal universe of structures: firsts, outright, uncanning state. Underneath: blemished universe of issue: duplicates, evolving, sentiments. †Ideal catastrophe: hero’s life changes from fortune to disaster because of scholarly mistake. †Pediment: the triangular space framing the peak of a two-contributed rooftop Classical engineering; any comparable triangular structure found over a colonnade, entryway, or window. †Epic History: a long account sonnet that describes the deeds of an incredible or authentic saint as he continued looking for significance or identity.IDENTIFICATION: Know who or what each alludes to - Venus Figurines: though tful and infectious enchantment for richness of nature and people. - Stone Henge: consecrated space; impediment of heavenly world? Sun and moon for their fruitfulness power? - Parthenon: the extraordinary building accomplishment of Golden Age Athens - Gate of Ishtar: one of the eight doors of the downtown of Babylon (primary passageway), was worked during the rule of King Nebuchadnezzar II (604-562 BC), after he consumed Jerusalem. Beginning stage for Nebuchadnezzar II, after he purchased the realm of Judah to an end; he needs to decorate the capital. Achilles: Achaean (Greek) saint of the Trojan War, the focal character and the best warrior of Homer's Iliad. - Plato: Wrote the popular treatise, Republic. Old style Greek scholar, mathematician, understudy of Socrates, essayist of philosophical exchanges, and author of the Academy in Athens. - Hammurapi: 6th lord of Babylon, known for the arrangement of laws called Hammurabi's Code, one of the principal composed codes of law in writt en history. - Athena: goddess of knowledge and war. - Sophocles: second of the incredible tragedians, built up his plots through the activities of the characters.He adjusted the stately convention of prior Greek disasters by individualizing the characters and presenting snapshots of extraordinary mental closeness. Antigone - Confucius : Chinese educator, editorial manager, government official, and savant of the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history. The way of thinking of Confucius underscored individual and legislative ethical quality, rightness of social connections, equity and earnestness. - Zeus: the incredible sky god. - Epicurus: Greek mastermind who pushed Epicuranism. - Moses: the pioneer who drove the Hebrews over the Red Sea. - Antigone: An appalling p